← Chemistries · Entity: Chemistry

LTO Battery Chemistry

Lithium titanate (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂)

At a glance: LTO is Lithium titanate (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂) — a lithium cell chemistry with a nominal voltage of 2.3–2.4 V, cell-level energy density around 50–80 Wh/kg, typical cycle life of 10,000–20,000 cycles, and a temperature window of discharge −30 to +55 °C · charge −30 to +55 °C.

Specification

Entity typeChemistry
Nominal voltage2.3–2.4 V
Operating voltage window1.5–2.85 V
Energy density50–80 Wh/kg (cell level)
Cycle life10,000–20,000 cycles (cycles to 80% capacity, high DOD, 25 °C)
Temperature windowdischarge −30 to +55 °C · charge −30 to +55 °C
Thermal stabilityVery high (no metallic lithium plating; wide low-temp charge window)
Cobalt contentNone
Typical cell formatPrismatic / pouch / cylindrical

All figures are typical ranges, not a substitute for a specific cell datasheet — they vary by manufacturer, cell format and C-rate.

Engineering interpretation

What the data means: LTO’s position in the chemistry family is set by two numbers working against each other — energy density (Wh/kg) and cycle life. LTO sits at roughly 50–80 Wh/kg and 10,000–20,000 cycles, which places it at a specific point on the energy-versus-longevity trade-off.

Why it matters: A datasheet number only means something with its basis — cell-level energy density is not pack-level, and cycle life is only meaningful at a stated depth of discharge and temperature. Read LTO against those conditions, never as a bare figure.

Engineering interpretation, not a purchasing guarantee.

Sources & verification

Evidence card — how this chemistry’s data was established

Basis: typical ranges cross-verified from cell-manufacturer datasheets and battery engineering references.

Lowest energy density and voltage of the group, but the longest cycle life and the widest charge-temperature window. Values are typical ranges.

Last verified: 2026-09-18

Related

Values are typical ranges, not a substitute for a specific cell datasheet. Return to World Battery Hub.